Scientists from ExplantLab developed an algorithm that uses patient genotype and other factors to accurately predict joint replacement surgery outcomes, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News reported June 27.
ExpantLab identified that patients with certain human leukocyte antigen genotypes that are related to immune function are more likely to develop an immune response to implants containing cobalt chrome, leading to pain and joint failure.
"Essentially, the immune system attacks the implant in a process similar to how a patient rejects an organ transplant," David Langton, PhD, director of ExplantLab, told Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology News.
Scientists used these findings to develop Orthotype, a machine-learning algorithm that uses a patient's genotype to find the probability of the patient having a negative reaction to cobalt chrome implants.
The algorithm can help surgeons select an implant based on the manufactured material most suited to the individual patient, lowering the likelihood for duplicate surgeries.